What to Do When You Receive a Summons in Virginia

Written by: Stephen Lofaso

Receiving a summons can be an unsettling experience, whether it’s for a civil lawsuit, traffic violation, or criminal matter. Many people feel uncertain about what it means and how to respond, but taking the right steps is essential to protecting your rights and avoiding serious consequences. A summons is a formal legal notice that requires you to take action, whether that means responding in writing, appearing in court, or seeking legal counsel. Ignoring a summons is never a good idea, as it can lead to fines, default judgments, or even an arrest warrant, depending on the nature of the case.

The first thing you should do upon receiving a summons is read it carefully. Look for key details such as the type of case, the court where it was issued, your required response, and the deadline for action. Civil cases, such as lawsuits for money damages, often require you to file a response within a specific time frame, typically within 21 days in Virginia. Traffic summonses may give you the option to either prepay a fine without appearing in court or contesting the charge in court. However, a criminal summons often requires you to appear in court and failing to do so could result in additional legal trouble. If you’re summoned to serve as a witness or for jury duty, it’s important to follow the court’s instructions carefully, as failure to appear can result in penalties. 

Once you understand the summons, determine your next steps. If the matter is serious—such as a lawsuit or a criminal charge—it’s wise to consult an attorney as soon as possible. A lawyer can explain your options, help you build a defense, and represent you in court. Even in civil cases, having legal guidance can prevent costly mistakes, such as missing a filing deadline or failing to provide necessary documentation. If the summons requires a court appearance, prepare accordingly by gathering relevant documents, reviewing the facts of the case, and arriving on time. Dressing professionally and being respectful in court can also help make a positive impression.

Ignoring a summons can have severe consequences. In civil cases, failing to respond could result in a default judgment, meaning the court automatically rules in favor of the other party.  If you’ve received a summons and don’t appear in court, the judge may issue a warrant for your arrest. Even if you’re summoned for jury duty or as a witness, skipping out without a valid excuse could lead to contempt of court charges. The best course of action is always to respond promptly and appropriately to avoid unnecessary legal trouble.

If you have received a summons in Virginia and are unsure of what to do next, don’t take any chances. Seeking legal advice can help you understand your rights, meet deadlines, and take the right steps to resolve the matter. Stephen Lofaso has extensive experience handling legal matters across Virginia. Contact us today to ensure you respond appropriately and protect your interests.

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This blog post is not intended to provide legal advice or substitute for the advice of legal counsel with respect to specific facts and situations. See disclaimer